B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway

B lymphocytes can directly participate in humoral immune responses as immune effector cells, and can also be used as antigen-presenting cells to capture antigens and present them to T lymphocytes. B cells mediate foreign antigen signals and complex biological effects, including B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation, through their surface B cell receptors (BCR). This process involves a series of downstream signal transduction pathways that interweave to form a very complex B cell receptor signal transduction regulatory network. Many non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) originate from B lymphocytes. B cell receptor (BCR) complexes and their related protein kinases play important roles in the development, proliferation and survival of normal and malignant B cells. After the concept of antigen stimulation to induce lymphoma production, the BCR receptor signaling pathway has become an important pathway for lymphoma growth and survival. Therefore, various kinases in BCR and its signaling pathways can be new targets for lymphoma therapy.

BCR structure and function BCR is a heterologous oligomeric complex composed of membrane immunoglobulin (mIg) and Igα (CD79A)/Igβ (CD79B), which is one of the characteristic markers of B cells. mIg recognizes and binds antigens. The intracellular regions of Igα and Igβ have an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which is involved in the transduction of antigenic stimulation signals after phosphorylation.