FONTANA, CA

Fontana is a city in San Bernardino County, California. Founded by Azariel Blanchard Miller in 1913, it remained essentially rural until World War II, when entrepreneur Henry J. Kaiser built a large steel mill in the area. It is now a regional hub of the trucking industry, with the east–west Interstate 10 and State Route 210 crossing the city and Interstate 15 passing diagonally through its northwestern quadrant.

It is home to a renovated historic theater, a municipal park, and the Auto Club Speedway, which is on the site of the old Kaiser Steel Mill just outside the city. Fontana also hosts the Fontana Days Half Marathon and 5K run. This race is the fastest half-marathon course in the world.

The United States Census Bureau reported that Fontana's 2020 population was 208,393, making it the second-most populous city in San Bernardino County and the 21st largest in the state.

History

Fontana was founded in 1919 by Azariel Blanchard Miller. The name fontana is Italian for fountain or water source, being in close proximity to the Santa Ana River to the east. Within a few years it became an agricultural town of citrus orchards, vineyards and chicken ranches and astride U.S. Route 66 (now known as Foothill Boulevard). The Fontana area was radically transformed during World War II when Henry J. Kaiser built the Kaiser Steel plant, at the time one of only two steel mills west of the Mississippi River outside the city limits. To provide for the plant workers' health needs, Henry J. Kaiser constructed the Fontana Kaiser Permanente medical facility, now the largest managed care organization in the United States.

In the 1950s and 1960s, Fontana was home to a drag racing strip that was a venue in the NHRA circuit. Mickey Thompson's Fontana International Dragway was also referred to as Fontana Drag City or Fontana Drag Strip. The original Fontana strip is gone, but the owners of NASCAR's new Auto Club Speedway opened a NHRA-sanctioned drag strip just oustside Fontana in mid-2006.

Ro-Val's automobile museum, located on Foothill Boulevard on the western outskirts between Fontana and Cucamonga, was the home for many classic automobiles of the 1920s and 1930s, including a huge vehicle once owned by screen actor Fatty Arbuckle. When the Ro-Val museum closed, the vehicles were sold to Bill Harrah, a Nevada casino owner and automobile collector, who placed them on display in the museum located at his casino.

As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 128,929, but the present population is now estimated to have exceeded 210,000. This rapid expansion has had much to do with the numerous large, new residential developments in the sparsely populated northern part of the city, as well as with the city's aggressive (and highly successful) campaign to annex several unincorporated, but developed, San Bernardino county island areas in 2006–2007.

2021 city manager pay criticism

In 2021, city leadership was criticized by the California State Controller’s Office for paying former city manager Ken Hunt $932,623 in 2020 though he hadn't worked a single day. The city mayor and city council declined to explain why such compensation was warranted for a city manager who hadn't worked in the city since 2019. The city council also failed to follow the Brown Act, which requires public agencies to specifically list closed-session items for terminations.

Environmental issues

In 2019 The California Air Resources Board recommend to the city against housing people within 1,000 feet of such industrial buildings because of harmful truck pollution. The city was also sued by San Bernardino County, The Center for Biological Diversity, The Sierra Club and The Center for Community Action and Environmental Justice over the approval of West Valley Logistics Center for violating state environmental laws.

In 2021, The City of Fontana was sued by the State of California Attorney General's office for violation of the California Environmental Quality Act by encouraging warehouse development in low income areas.

Geography

Topography

Most of the city of Fontana, like its eastern neighbors Rialto and San Bernardino, is built atop a geologically young, gently southward-sloping alluvial fan from nearby Lytle Creek, deposited mainly during the Holocene and late-Pleistocene epochs. There are also sedimentary deposits of similar age from Etiwanda Creek on the western edge of the city. However, the northern and southern edges of the city are formed by the much older San Gabriel and Jurupa mountain ranges, respectively. The Jurupa Mountains are composed primarily of Cretaceous and Paleozoic-era rocks, as are the San Gabriels, which also include even older, Proterozoic formations. The most prominent of the San Gabriel Mountains visible from Fontana is Cucamonga Peak, elevation . Additionally, the Cucamonga Fault Zone, contiguous with the Sierra Madre Fault Zone, runs through the northern part of the city, along the base of the San Gabriels, notably through the Hunter's Ridge and Coyote Canyon planned communities. It is estimated to be capable of producing earthquakes approximately of magnitude 6.0-7.0.

The city's listed elevation, measured from the northeast corner of the intersection of Upland Avenue and Sierra Avenue, downtown by City Hall, is . However, the highest elevation within the city limits is approximately , in the northernmost part of the Panorama neighborhood of Hunter's Ridge. The lowest point within the city limits is approximately , at the intersection of Etiwanda and Philadelphia avenues, in the extreme southwestern corner of the city. This difference in elevation is due to the southward slope of the Lytle Creek alluvial fan.

Climate

The city is frequently affected by the strong, hot and dry Santa Ana winds as they blow through the nearby Cajon Pass of the San Gabriel mountains, from the Mojave Desert. Fontana can also be extremely hot in summer, well over .

Demographics

2000

As of the census of 2000, there were 128,929 people, 34,014 households, and 29,013 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,378.2/km²). There were 35,908 housing units at an average density of 994.2 per square mile (383.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 45.0% White, 11.8% African American, 1.1% Native American, 4.4% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 31.9% from other races, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 57.7% of the population.

There were 34,014 households, out of which 57.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.7% were non-families. 10.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.8 and the average family size was 4.0.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 37.8% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 14.7% from 45 to 64, and 4.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $45,782, and the median income for a family was $46,957. Males had a median income of $36,062 versus $26,305 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,208. About 12.2% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Fontana had a population of 196,069. The population density was 4,620.8 people per square mile (1,784.1/km²). The racial makeup of Fontana was 92,978 (47.4%) White (15.4% Non-Hispanic White), 19,574 (10.0%) African American, 1,957 (1.0%) Native American, 12,948 (6.6%) Asian, 547 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 58,449 (29.8%) from other races, and 9,616 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 130,957 persons (66.8%).

The Census reported that 195,625 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, 216 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 228 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 49,116 households, out of which 29,465 (60.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 30,245 (61.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 8,074 (16.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 4,125 (8.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3,447 (7.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 317 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,801 households (9.8%) were made up of individuals, and 1,633 (3.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.98. There were 42,444 families (86.4% of all households); the average family size was 4.18.

The population was spread out, with 64,521 people (32.9%) under the age of 18, 22,995 people (11.7%) aged 18 to 24, 57,646 people (29.4%) aged 25 to 44, 39,823 people (20.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,084 people (5.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

There were 51,857 housing units at an average density of 1,222.1 per square mile (471.9/km²), of which 33,862 (68.9%) were owner-occupied, and 15,254 (31.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.0%. 134,857 people (68.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 60,768 people (31.0%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, Fontana had a median household income of $64,195, with 15.0% of the population living below the federal poverty line.

Economy

Fontana's current economy is driven largely by industrial uses, particularly trucking-based industries. Public funding assists in reducing the associated pollution impacts the community.

The city is home to several truck dealerships, and other industrial equipment sales centers, and, like its neighbors Ontario and Rancho Cucamonga, many product distribution centers for such companies as Toyota, Target, Sears, Mercedes-Benz, Southern California Edison, Home Shopping Network, and Avery Dennison. The city is also home to numerous small manufacturers of building materials and other locally used products, and many small auto dealerships and salvage yards. Fontana's economy has also heavily encouraged, at least until such activities had been somewhat hampered by the Subprime mortgage crisis, the planning, developing and construction of new housing tracts. The city also has numerous local shopping centers, such as the Summit Heights Gateway/Falcon Ridge Town Center at the north end of the city, and Palm Court in the southern section. The city also features commercial strip zoning along several of its major avenues and boulevards, such as the "Miracle Mile" straddling State Route 210 between Citrus and Sierra Avenues. The official Fontana Auto Center is part of that zone, with two major dealerships already in place.

According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are:

The Auto Club Speedway brings racing fans and dozens of teams to the region each year with an economic impact for restaurants, motels, and hotels.

Arts and culture

Center Stage

Located next door to the Lewis Library on Sierra stands the Center Stage Theater. Built in the Art Deco style in 1937, and designed by architect C.H. Boller, the former Fontana (movie) Theater was recently renovated during 2004–2008 after several decades of various other uses, into a live dinner theater, with $6,000,000 in funds earmarked by the Fontana City Council. It reopened to the public on July 25, 2008.

Steelworkers' Auditorium

Next door to the Lewis Library and Technology Center, the Steelworkers' Auditorium houses events like Performance Tuesdays, theatre camps, acting classes, musical classes, summer reading programs, family movie nights, performance recitals and dance classes.

The building is also available for rent for certain occasions such as: award ceremonies, dance recitals, talent competitions and much more.

Art Depot

The Art Depot is one of Fontana's original community centers, and is a specialized Cultural Arts facility. Originally built as a freight depot of the Pacific Electric Railway in 1915, the Art Depot sits alongside the newly landscaped Pacific Electric Trail in the Helen Putnam Historical Plaza. The Art Depot offers art classes, open studio activities, and special events.

Artist Showcase

Through the provision of quarterly artist showcases, Fontana residents are introduced to local artists.

One of the objectives of the program is to introduce the process used by the artist to develop the art form, and methods used to bring the work to life. Each artist selected for the quarterly showcases is asked to exhibit their work for a three-month period in the City Council Chamber Foyer located at City Hall. The artist will also be showcased in a small presentation, invited to dine with the members of the Fontana Community and presented to City Council. Additionally, each artist selected will be awarded a nominal stipend from the local Fontana business community.

Auto Club Speedway

Auto Club Speedway, a racetrack that plays host to the NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series, along with former IndyCar Series events. It is located in an unincorporated area just outside of Fontana. It is built on the former site of the Kaiser Steel mill. The large smelting furnaces of the mill were sold to China, and the rest remains a working steel mill operated by California Steel Industries, which is owned by the Japanese company JFE Steel Corporation. The track is currently a low-banked 2-mile oval, but will be terraformed into a 0.5 mile long short track that is similar in style to the Bristol Motor Speedway by 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic forcing it to be pushed back a year.

Lewis Library

The Lewis Library and Technology Center, opened in 2008 at an estimated cost of over $60,000,000, is the largest library in the San Bernardino County Library System.

Parks and recreation

Also referred to simply as Jurupa Hills Regional Park, this is a multi-use park at the northeastern end of Mount Jurupa. The park includes the Mary Vagle Museum & Nature Center, the Martin Tudor Splash Park, and a ancient Native American historic site.

Community centers

Cypress Neighborhood Center

The Center opened its doors in the heart of downtown Fontana for over 30 years. Since then, it has undergone some renovations and changed up some of the programming. It is a center devoted to bringing forth as many fun and unique programs to residents. The programming includes: ballet, dance, karate, kickboxing, its very own Tiny Tot program, and much more.

Don Day Neighborhood Center

Located in South Fontana, Don Day Neighborhood Center is a center filled with activities and fun. Attached to the center is an outside pool that is only opened for the summer. They have open rooms used for programs like: mixed martial arts, dance, fitness, gymnastics, and much more. The rooms are also available for birthday parties, meetings, and other celebrations. There is a Tiny Tot Program affiliated with the center as well.

The center is also combined with Southridge Park that features amenities such as: tennis courts, basketball courts, mountain bike trails, baseball fields, playgrounds, and open spaces.

Jessie Turner Health and Fitness Community Center, Aquatics Center and Fontana Park

Upon opening to the public on October 25, 2008, Fontana Park (located in the northern part of the city at Summit Avenue and Lytle Creek Road), is now the city's second largest municipal park, featuring a large community center (Jessie Turner Health and Fitness Community Center), aquatic center, skate park, dog park, basketball gym, sports pavilion, and several child-oriented play areas.

Government

Local government

Fontana is a general law city; it has no city charter. Led by a council composed of a mayor and four councilmembers, it uses a council-manager form of government. The mayor, council members, city clerk, and city treasurer are elected at-large to serve four-year terms.

According to the city's most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the city's various funds had $348.0 million in Revenues, $224.0 million in expenditures, $1,371.6 million in total assets, $754.1 million in total liabilities, and $251.3 million in cash and investments.

State and federal representation

In the California State Legislature, Fontana is in , and in .

In the United States House of Representatives, Fontana is split between California's 31st, and 35th districts, which are represented by and , respectively.

Fontana Police Department

The Fontana Police Department headquarters is located at 17005 Upland Avenue in Fontana, and currently consists of 207 sworn officers and dozens of civilian support personnel serving a currently estimated population of over 210,000 people across a total city area of . The current chief of police is William Green who was appointed chief in May 2018, though he has been a longtime member of the department since 1999.

History

The department was formed in October 1952, after Fontana was incorporated in June of that year. The original first consisted of a chief and five officers based in a small headquarters in the county building. They provided a 24-hour uniformed patrol and dispatch service. Two patrol cars were bought for patrolling, responding to calls and transporting prisoners.

Recent History

The department has grown to become a well established organized modern day law enforcement agency with around 250 sworn and civilian personnel. In the summer of 2017 it launched a body worn camera program with the deployment of 200 body worn cameras to be used by all officers when out on the frontline. Officers and the City of Fontana also appeared in season 30 of the TV show COPS in 2017 where camera crews rode along with officers filming the police work and interactions undertaken by the officers.

Resources and Equipment

Uniform

Uniforms consists of four Class A-D variants. The first is the "Class A", dress uniform which consists of a long sleeve navy blue shirt with epaulets and flap pockets, black tie, navy blue pants, navy blue "Ike" dress jacket, navy blue soft dress cap with a short black plastic visor, and black shoes or boots. The "Class B" year-round uniform consists of a navy blue shirt with epaulets and flap pockets, black tie, navy blue pants, and black shoes or boots and is based on that worn by the Los Angeles Police Department. The "Class C" uniform of a short or long sleeve shirt or black polo shirt, black pants, dress belt, and black shoes or boots may be worn during daylight savings time. The "Class D" uniform, which consists of either a poly wool navy blue "Blauer Vest Model: 8470-1 Armor Skin" or poly wool navy blue "Elbeco Body Shield V3114B" outer carrier vest worn along with a matching poly wool navy blue undershirt, navy blue pants, and black shoes or boots may be worn year round, though it must not replace the main "Class B" uniform, which all officers must have available when needed.

Firearms

Firearms are issued by the department as standard to all officers who have passed firearms training, though officers can acquire and carry their own firearms if they are inspected and approved beforehand by a department rangemaster and meet certain conditions such as the type of manufacturer, barrel length and caliber of which for sidearms are required to be either .38, .357, 9mm, .40 or .45 calibers. Long guns are also available to officers who have passed specific training on them. The authorized department-issued shotgun is the Remington 870. The authorized department-issued patrol rifle is the Colt AR-15 specifically the LE 6920 and 6933 5.56mm variants.

Vehicles and Aircraft

Since the start of 2014 to present the current standard patrol vehicles in the department have been the Ford Police Interceptor Utility, most of which are typical patrol vehicles, alongside a small number of K-9 and Gang Unit vehicles. The latter are noticeable because they lack blue and red roof light bars and respective "K-9" and "Gang Unit" markings on vehicles. The Ford Police Interceptor Utility vehicles have gradually replaced the older Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor vehicles that the department previously used. The Traffic Unit also uses a fleet of BMW R1200RT motorcycles for patrol and traffic enforcement. There are also a small number of specialist vehicles of various makes and models used by the department for various unique tasks such as crime scene investigation, animal control, and SWAT. The department also has three helicopters (two Robinson R66 and one Robinson R44) operated by the Air Unit to support officers on the ground, provide a quick response to incidents, and provide aerial photography and aerial surveillance.

Patrol Unit

The patrol unit is the largest and most visible unit of the department providing around the clock patrol coverage to the city whilst responding to all calls as dispatched by the communications center and in most cases being first on scene and the first point of contact to members of the public. The unit is broken down into four patrol areas to better enhance local community relations, patrol coverage, and response times in the city. They are as follows: Area 1 - All areas north of the 210 freeway. Area 2 - All areas from the 210 freeway south to Foothill Boulevard. Area 3 - All areas between Foothill Boulevard and the 10 freeway. Area 4 - All areas south of the 10 freeway.

Investigations Unit

The investigations unit is a specialist unit made up of trained investigators and detectives who conduct complex, detailed and lengthy criminal investigations that generally exceed the skills and capabilities of regular officers. The unit is broken down into the four following categories: Crimes Against Property, Crimes Against Persons, Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC), and the Field Evidence Unit.

K-9 Unit

The K-9 Unit is made up of six K-9 teams who are trained to conduct specialist work relating around criminal suspect search and apprehension, missing person search and location, and narcotic, firearm and explosive search and detection. They also conduct regular patrol work alongside and supporting other officers and units.

SWAT Unit

The SWAT unit consists of a regional team of personnel and equipment from Fontana along with the two neighboring cities of Colton, California and Rialto, California. It is officially known as Inland Valley SWAT (IVS) and made up of around 50 sworn and civilian personnel including tactical officers, negotiators, tactical dispatchers, physicians, and tactical paramedics.

Organization

The department currently consists of around 250 sworn and civilian personnel who are assigned to one of three divisions in the department which include the following.

Administrative Services Division

This division contains the Air Support Unit, Communications Center, Personnel & Training Unit, Property Unit, and Records Unit.

Field Services Division

This division contains the Field Evidence Unit, Fugitive Apprehension Team, Inland Valley SWAT Unit, Investigations Unit, K-9 Unit, and Patrol Unit.

Special Operations Division

This division contains the Animal Services Team, Code Compliance Unit, COPE Community Outreach and Public Engagement, Explorer Program, Fontana Leadership Intervention Program, Multiple Enforcement Team, Press Information Office, and Traffic Unit.

Rank Structure

The current rank structure of the department consists of a seven rank structure for all sworn officers. According to the departments organizational chart the leadership consists of the chief, three captains, nine lieutenants, and twenty one sergeants who oversee over 150 corporals, field training officers, and officers.

Education

Public schools

While most residents of the city attend schools within the Fontana Unified School District, some areas of the city are served by neighboring school districts.

Charter schools

There are two Options For Youth Charter Schools in Fontana. These schools are chartered through the Victor Valley Union High School District and offer an independent study program and small group classes to obtain a high school diploma.

Infrastructure

Transportation

The Metrolink rail service to the greater Los Angeles area has a station here and runs through the center of town. The city of Fontana is ten minutes away from Ontario International Airport.

The city is also served by Omnitrans bus service. and VVTA.

Private transportation operators that serve the city of Fontana include FuturaNet, El Corre Caminos, and TUFESA which serve the predominately the Hispanic community seeking transportation to Tijuana

Utilities

Fontana receives electrical power through the Southern California Edison Company. Gas service is provided by the Southern California Gas Company. Telephone and DSL Internet service are through AT&T and Frontier Communications, though Frontier serves a smaller portion of the city. Charter Communications also provides cable television and cable Internet access. Burrtec Waste provides rubbish and trash collection throughout the city. Burrtec offers both regular waste and green waste recycling programs. Fontana is served by five different water companies, but none of their service areas overlap. These companies are: Fontana Water; the Cucamonga Valley Water District; Marygold Mutual Water; and West Valley Water District, and the city of Rialto. Sewage service in the city is provided by the Inland Empire Utilities Agency, but is billed out by the city of Fontana itself. The Fontana community is serviced by KFON-TV (commonly known as Fontana Community Television), a Government-access television (GATV) station.

Healthcare

Fontana is home to the Kaiser Permanente-Fontana Hospital. Located on Sierra Avenue, and occupying most of the block between Sierra, Marygold, and Palmetto Avenues, and Valley Boulevard, The campus forms one of the largest healthcare facilities in the Inland Empire Region. The various facilities are also among the tallest and largest buildings in the city (other than industrial distribution centers).

The hospital is home to sixty different specialized departments, plus emergency care.

Also, located in the north end of the city, along the "Miracle Mile" of Sierra Lakes Parkway and the 210 freeway, is the Sierra San Antonio Medical Plaza, a outpatient center and medical office building supported by San Antonio Community Hospital. Services currently available from SSAMP are urgent care, diagnostic radiology, physician offices, and a pharmacy.

The facility also boasts a educational suite where community lectures, health screenings, awareness campaigns, maternity and CPR classes are held.

Notable people

In popular culture

The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club was founded in Fontana, in 1948. The founding charter is known as the Berdoo Charter, in reference to the slang name for San Bernardino.