Jefferson Davis Parish () is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 31,594. The parish seat is Jennings. Jefferson Davis Parish is named after the president of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, Jefferson Davis. It is located in southwestern Louisiana and forms a part of the Acadiana region.
In 2005, the parish was damaged significantly by Hurricane Rita, which caused much wind damage and flooding in the western part of the parish. The storm also caused Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge to be affected by saltwater intrusion.
History
Jefferson Davis Parish was one of the last parishes to be organized in the state of Louisiana. It was originally a part of Imperial Calcasieu Parish, which contributed to five other parishes as the population increased in the area. The bill creating Jefferson Davis Parish was passed by the state legislature in 1912 but did not take effect until 1913. Jefferson Davis Parish is part of the large, 22-county Acadiana region of Louisiana, which is influenced by a large Francophone population. It was named after Jefferson Davis, a prominent planter and the President of the Confederate States of America.
thumb|right|306px|The Jennings Oil Field in 1933
The first oil in Louisiana was drilled in 1901 in Evangeline, Acadia Parish, by W. Scott Heywood, who in 1932 was elected to the Louisiana State Senate. The oil field was known as the Jennings Oil Field because Jennings was the nearest railroad stop to the oil field.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of , of which is land and (1.1%) is water.
Jefferson Davis Parish comprises five incorporated towns including Elton, Fenton, Jennings, Lake Arthur, and Welsh. There are also many unincorporated areas that add to the interest and economic structure of the parish including Barnsdall, Buller, China, Coverdale, Edna, Fontenot, Foreman's Hall, Hathaway, Illinois Plant, Lacassine, Lauderdale, Panchoville, Pine Island, Raymond, Roanoke, Silverwood, Thornwell, Topsy, Verret, and Woodlawn. Interstate 10 runs east and west through the center of the parish, providing access to local markets. Additionally, the Union Pacific Railroad is centrally located within the parish and the Mermentau River, which connects to the Intracoastal Waterway and has a channel depth of nine feet, provides access to the Port of Mermentau. The Jennings Airport, with a runway length of , is capable of landing a small jet and is located next to Interstate 10. Jefferson Davis Parish also attracts sportsmen to the Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge.
Adjacent parishes
Allen Parish (north)
Evangeline Parish (northeast)
Acadia Parish (east)
Vermilion Parish (southeast)
Cameron Parish (south)
Calcasieu Parish (west)
Beauregard Parish (northwest)
Transportation
Major highways
20px Interstate 10
20px U.S. Highway 90
25px U.S. Highway 165
20px Louisiana Highway 14
20px Louisiana Highway 26
20px Louisiana Highway 97
20px Louisiana Highway 99
20px Louisiana Highway 101
20px Louisiana Highway 102
20px Louisiana Highway 380
20px Louisiana Highway 382
20px Louisiana Highway 395
Airports
Jennings, (3R7)
Welsh
Demographics
2020 census
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 32,250 people, 11,726 households, and 8,149 families residing in the parish.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 31,435 people, 11,480 households, and 8,529 families residing in the parish. The population density was 48 people per square mile (19/km2). There were 12,824 housing units at an average density of 20 per square mile (8/km2). The racial makeup of the parish was 80.60% White, 17.79% Black or African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.20% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 0.99% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.15% of the population reported speaking French or Cajun French at home.[http://www.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=22&county_id=53&mode=geographic&zip=&place_id=&cty_id=&ll=&a=&ea=&order=r]
There were 11,480 households, out of which 37.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.80% were married couples living together, 13.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.70% were non-families. 22.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.18.
In the parish the population was spread out, with 29.30% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 27.30% from 25 to 44, 21.00% from 45 to 64, and 13.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 92.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.50 males.
The median income for a household in the parish was $27,736, and the median income for a family was $33,129. Males had a median income of $28,279 versus $18,668 for females. The per capita income for the parish was $13,398. About 18.10% of families and 20.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.40% of those under age 18 and 19.90% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Jefferson Davis Parish Public Schools operates the schools in the parish.
Elton Elementary School (Grades PK-5) (Elton)
Elton High School (Grades 6-12) (Elton)
Fenton Elementary School (Grades PK-8) (Fenton)
Hathaway High School (Grades K-12) (Jennings)
Jennings Elementary School (Grades 3-6) (Jennings)
Jennings High School (Grades 7-12) (Jennings)
Lacassine High School (Grades K-12) (Lacassine)
Lake Arthur Elementary School (Grades PK-6) (Lake Arthur)
Lake Arthur High School (Grades 7-12) (Lake Arthur)
James Ward Elementary School (Grades PK-2) (Jennings)
Welsh Elementary School (Grades PK-5) (Welsh)
Welsh High School (Grades 8-12) (Welsh)
Welsh-Roanoke Jr. High School (Grades 6-8) (Roanoke)
Jeff Davis Parish is served by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lafayette which has one school in the parish:
Our Lady Immaculate (Grades PK-8) (Jennings)
Additionally, Jeff Davis is served by one unaffiliated private school
Bethel Christian School is a PreK-12 Christian school located in unincorporated Jefferson Davis Parish, near Jennings.
Jeff Davis Parish is served by one institution of higher education:
It is in the service area of Sowela Technical Community College. The Morgan Smith campus is located in Jennings.
National Guard
C Company 3-156TH Infantry Battalion resides in Jennings, Louisiana. This unit as part of the 256th IBCT deployed twice to Iraq in 2004-5 and 2010.
Communities
thumb|250px|Map of Jefferson Davis Parish, with municipal labels
City
Jennings (parish seat and largest municipality)
Towns
Elton
Lake Arthur
Welsh
Village
Fenton
Unincorporated areas
Census-designated places
Hathaway
Lacassine
Roanoke
Unincorporated communities
Barnsdall
Buller
China
Coverdale
Edna
Fontenot
Foreman's Hall
Gravel Point
Lauderdale
Niblett
Panchoville
Pine Island
Raymond
Silverwood
Soileau
Thornwell
Topsy
Verrett
Woodlawn
Notable people
A.C. Clemons
Al Woods
Thomas A. "Tom" Greene
John E. Guinn
Charles Franklin Hildebrand
Dan Morrish
Claude Kirkpatrick
Edith Killgore Kirkpatrick
Guy Sockrider
Gerald Theunissen
Politics